Glossary
Keltech’s Glossary of Terms includes
the names, definitions, and descriptions of terms or products
that are common throughout our tankless water heating product
literature and this website.
BIMETAL FUSES
Bimetal fuses are mechanical safety
switches used to limit heat exchanger temperatures if the primary
control system fails for any reason. Keltech’s safety switches
are made of a bimetal (or two metal) disc that opens current
carrying contacts if a predetermined temperature is exceeded.
CAMLOC® TYPE FASTENERS
Camloc® is a
registered trademark for specialty fasteners produced by Camloc
Products Division of the Fairchild Corporation and is used here
to describe a type of quarter turn fastener used for quick release
of components used on Keltech heaters.
CORROSIVE FLUID PROTECTION SYSTEMS
To protect
the heater from corrosion, Keltech constructs its electric heating
elements of electro-polished and passivated Incoloy 800 sheathing.
All plugs and fittings are stainless steel. All Keltech tankless
water heaters are available with an optional Teflon® like
fluorocarbon protective coating on internal passageways. Fluorocarbon
coatings protect the heat exchanger from corrosive environments.
Keltech’s TE2 Protection System
This system
is recommended when corrosion is a concern. The fluorocarbon
coating TE2 Protection System is similar to Teflon® S and
protects all heat exchanger surfaces that come in contact with
heated fluids. The caustic and acid resistance of TE2 is very
good and the solvent resistance is excellent.
[ back to top ]
DE-IONIZED WATER SOLUTIONS
Keltech has developed
unique and exclusive protection systems that meet the requirements
for ultra pure water. Keltech’s
tankless hot water heaters are A-rated for de-ionized water,
chlorides, saltwater solutions, reverse osmosis water, caustic
alkalis and many other applications. All Keltech tankless hot
water heaters are available with an optional Teflon® like
fluorocarbon protective coating on internal passageways.
Keltech’s TE3 Protection System
This system
is recommended when fluid purity is critical (e.g., to heat
de-ionized water or to heat reverse osmosis water). To conform
to FDA regulations governing direct food contact applications,
the TE3 Protection System includes a fluorocarbon coating similar
to the FDA approved Teflon® PFA on all
surfaces and internal passageways that come in contact with
the heated media.
 T (DELTA T)
Delta T refers to temperature rise.
This is the amount in degrees Fahrenheit that the heater can
raise fluid temperature as it moves through the Keltech unit.
ENERGY EFFICIENT
Keltech water heating solutions
perform on-demand. Because they are tankless, they only draw
electricity and water when needed. Since there are no utilities
to pay until the heater is used, utility costs are minimized.
There’s no need to keep
a 300 gallon tank heated 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. There’s
also no need for expensive re-circulation loops.
[ back to top ]
ETL/cETL
The registered label for ITS Corporation,
an international safety testing laboratory that tests and certifies
tankless water heaters to UL499 and corresponding CSA standards.
EXPLOSION PROOF PURGE SYSTEM
For those environments
that would require explosion proof protection, Keltech’s
tankless water heaters in NEMA enclosures can be equipped with
a purge system. Heat, moisture, dust and corrosion are eliminated
by providing the enclosure with a slow but continuous flow of
inert gas or dry compressed air. This process removes flammable
gases or prevents the accumulation of ignitable dusts within
the protected enclosure.
The type of purge system determines the classification or division
the enclosure will meet. Electrical components installed in a
NEMA 4 enclosure allow the system to be pressurized by clean
instrument air or inert gas. This type of system conforms to
Class 1, Division 2 hazardous area standards. Other class and
division ratings may be available.
FLOW MODULATION
Keltech tankless water heating
solutions can be spec’d
to meet the demand. Keltech tankless water heaters can be modulated
to meet temperature and flow requirements without a loss in water
pressure or time spent waiting for the right temperature. Tanks
do not have the ability to accurately control water flow or temperature.
The added tankless benefit is maximum energy efficiency. With
a Keltech tankless solution, there is no wasted water or unnecessary
heating.
FREEZE PROTECTION
Keltech’s freeze protection
option protects the heater and internal components in sub-zero
conditions. It allows the unit to function at –23ºF
with an 11 mph wind. Freeze protection is only available with
NEMA 4 or NEMA 4X options.
[ back to top ]
GPM
This is an abbreviation for gallons per
minute. GPM is very important for sizing Keltech tankless water
heaters as the flow passing through a tankless type heater has
a great effect on the output temperature. The flow from a typical
kitchen sink is usually around 1.5 GPM while the flow from a
bathtub faucet can be 3 GPM or higher.
GROUND FAULT
This safety feature detects electrical
leakage from external sources to protect the equipment, electronics
and the heat exchanger from being damaged in the event of a power
fault.
HIGH/LOW TEMPERATURE ALARMS
For critical process
applications, the high/low temperature alarm alerts you to an
over or under temperature situation. The alarm feature provides
confidence that your fluids are in the defined temperature range.
HIGH TEMPERATURE CUT-OFF
Every heater that Keltech
engineers includes a separate set of circuits that monitor over
temperature conditions. Should overheating occur, each sector
of the heat exchanger has a dedicated thermal switch that breaks
power. Normal operation cannot be resumed until the safety switch
is manually reset.
Hz
This is an abbreviation for Hertz. Hertz
is the unit of frequency in cycles per second.
[ back to top ]
INCOLOY 800
This material sheaths Keltech heating
elements for protection and durability. It is recognized for
its high strength and resistance to scaling, oxidation, carbonization,
and other harmful effects of high-temperature exposure.
THE KELTECH ENERGY ADVANTAGE
Keltech’s
on-demand tankless water heaters typically have two advantages
over boilers:
- Energy Savings
Unlike boilers, Keltech’s heaters are
tankless and heat water only when it’s needed. There’s
no wasted energy. The energy savings often produces a return
on investment within a few months.
- Volume
Unlike hot water tank storage systems,
Keltech’s heaters
provide continuous capacity. The flow of hot water can be unlimited.
kW
This is an abbreviation for kilowatt. 1kW
= 1,000 watts. This is a common unit in the industry to size
tankless water heaters. The kW rating on a Keltech heater refers
to the maximum amount of electrical energy that can be transferred
to the fluid as it passes through the heater. Since the heater
modulates to a set-point temperature, your particular application
may not ever require maximum kW exertion.
[ back to top ]
LED
The abbreviation for light emitting diode,
an electronic device that lights up when electricity is passed
through it. Keltech uses LED devices to display images because
they can be relatively small, and they do not burn out.
MODULATE (MODULATION)
Used to describe how a
Keltech heater varies its power output to maintain a set point
temperature.
NEMA
NEMA enclosures are standard on Keltech
heaters. The term NEMA is an abbreviation for National Electrical
Manufacturers Association. This is an organization that “promotes
safety in the manufacture and use of electrical products... and
represents industry interests in new and developing technologies.” (as
excerpted from the nema.org website)
NEMA 1
Though rarely discussed in our information,
this type of enclosure is standard on Keltech residential and
light commercial process heaters. NEMA 1 enclosures are constructed
for indoor use to provide a degree of protection for people against
incidental contact with the enclosed equipment and to provide
a degree of protection for the heater against falling dirt.
NEMA 4
NEMA 4 enclosures are standard on Keltech
safety shower and eyewash heaters. Keltech utilizes NEMA 4 enclosures
for indoor and outdoor use to provide a degree of protection
for people against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment.
It also provides a degree of protection for the heater against
falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, windblown dust, splashing water,
hose-directed water, and the external formation of ice on the
enclosure.
NEMA 4X
For even harsher environments, Keltech
uses NEMA 4X enclosures. NEMA 4X water tight enclosures are constructed
from stainless steel for indoor and outdoor use and provide an
additional level of protection for the heater against corrosion.
They also provide protection for the heater against falling dirt,
rain, sleet, snow, windblown dust, splashing water, hose-directed
water, and the external formation of ice on the enclosure.
NEMA 4X also protects people against access to hazardous parts
of the equipment.
NEMA 12
NEMA 12 enclosures
are constructed (without knockouts) for indoor use to provide
a degree of protection for people against incidental contact
with the enclosed equipment. It also provides a degree of protection
for the heater against falling dirt; against circulating dust,
lint, fibers, and flyings; and against dripping and light splashing
of liquids.
[ back to top ]
PID
The abbreviation for Proportional Integral
Derivative - a type of temperature control used by Keltech that
provides three functions: proportional action dampens the system
response, integral corrects for droop, and derivative prevents
overshoot and undershoot. Also termed an “Anticipatory” temperature
control.
PRECISE TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Keltech’s
tankless water heaters provide precise temperature control (+/-
1ºF or .56ºC) for fluid process heating
applications. Designed to exacting specifications and tested
to ensure precise temperature delivery and specific flow rates,
Keltech tankless water heating solutions perform reliably even
in the most exacting environments. Precision temperature controls
make Keltech tankless water heaters the preferred choice for
process heating applications or an alternative to high energy
consuming boiler use.
PSI
Pounds per Square Inch
REDUNDANT SAFETY FEATURES
Safety is paramount.
We have engineered redundant safety features into all Keltech
heaters to protect people and your investment in your Keltech
tankless water heating solution.
RELIABLE PERFORMANCE AND MINIMAL MAINTENANCE
Keltech
tankless water heaters are built to last. We design and manufacture
each custom built heater using rugged industrial strength components
made of high quality copper and brass construction to extend
the life of the heat exchanger. We pressure test each unit at
300 PSI to meet your exacting requirements and the demands of
any environment. And, we are committed to specing quality components
like Incoloy 800 sheathed heating elements to lengthen the useful
life of the heater.
[ back to top ]
RFI
Radio Frequency Interference
SAFE LAVATORY TEMPERATURE SETTINGS
Because Keltech
tankless water heating solutions can provide precise temperature
control, you can pre-set lavatory temperatures to a comfortable
95ºF. That also provides an additional
set of benefits. You won’t need to run dual hot and cold
water lines. With a Keltech tankless water heating solution,
just one water line is needed when you want to precisely control
the temperature. You will also save money in materials cost:
You’ll need less PVC and copper piping.
SCR
The abbreviation for Silicone Controlled
Rectifier - SCR’s
are half-wave unidirectional rectifiers which are turned on when
current is supplied to the gate terminal.
SIZING REQUIREMENTS
Sizing your tankless water
heater is a critical part of the purchasing process. Two factors
that require careful consideration for the accurate sizing of
your system are:
- Flow rate (GPM)
- Temperature rise (T ºF)
To determine the size and kilowatt rating you need, apply this
formula:
kW = (GPM) (T ºF) (.1465)
[ back to top ]
TANKLESS
Keltech water heaters are tankless.
Storage tanks consume space and energy. Because the heater is
tankless, there is no power draw without water demand. Since
the heater operates on-demand there are no standby losses and
no recovery time is required.
TRIACS
Triacs are full-wave bi-directional AC
switches that are turned on when current is supplied to the gate
terminal of the device. Triacs are also considered back-to-back
SCR’s.
V AC
Alternating Current Voltage
V DC
Direct Current Voltage
WATER-COOLED SOLID-STATE RELAY SWITCHING
Water-cooled
solid-state relay switching controls provide an infinite variable
power draw. All switching is done in a zero crossing package
that precisely controls output temperature to
+/- 1°F.
ZERO CROSSING TEMPERATURE CONTROL
This type
of switching control will only allow a Triac to be turned on
or off if the voltage on the Triac is at zero volts. This type
of switching can limit voltage spikes in sensitive environments.
[ back to top ]
|
